Srovnávací analýza sociálně-ekonomických determinant volby České republiky a Polska jako cílových zemí ukrajinskými uprchlíky

This bachelor thesis provides a comparative analysis of the factors that influenced the choice of the Czech Republic and Poland as destination countries by Ukrainian refugees following the outbreak of the armed conflict in February 2022. The theoretical framework is based on the modern concept of drivers of migration. The thesis analyzes and compares the legislative measures of both states, specifically the Czech Lex Ukrajina and the Polish Act on Assistance to Citizens of Ukraine, alongside key structural factors such as geographical and cultural proximity, the role of the Ukrainian diaspora, and economic attractiveness. The results show that Poland dominated due to its geographical proximity, extensive pre-war diaspora, and broad access to the standard social welfare system. Conversely, the Czech Republic represented an attractive alternative due to its clear systemic approach, higher initial humanitarian support, and nominally better economic conditions, despite higher housing costs. Both countries provided refugees with a level of protection well above the minimum standards of the European Union.