Analýza vlivu propopulační politiky na porodnost v České republice mezi lety 1970-2015

The topic of natality and pro-population policy is very actual. Due to the population aging and the associated change of the age structure, it is discussed not only about the lack of resources to finance the old-age pensions, that are the largest item of state social expenditure, but also other economic issues, that can the population decline or the change of the age structure cause. The main objective of this bachelor thesis is, based on a description of the influence of the selected factors on the birth rates in the Czech Republic between 1970-2015 and on the analysis of economic costs and benefits by having a child in 2015, to confirm or refute the hypothesis that the implementation of the suitable pro-population measures has a generally positive effect on the birth rate. The results of the research confirmed the hypothesis, although the influence of the individual factors on the birth rate was not completely unambiguous. The current fertility rate of the Czech Republic is far below the limit of simple reproduction and the numbers of women in the fertile age are likely to decrease in the coming years. Therefore, it is appropriate to choose a suitable pro-population policy. It could be more focused on the support of working parents with small children because the current social security system is more attractive to low-income families and can demotivate some individuals from entering or returning to the labour market.