Analýza a komparace vývoje finanční dostupnosti vlastnického a nájemního bydlení na území měst Prahy a Brna v letech 2015-2023

The diploma thesis examines the development of financial affordability of owner-occupied and rental housing for young households in the cities of Prague and Brno over the period 2015–2023. The aim of the thesis is to analyse and compare the level of financial burden associated with the acquisition and use of housing in the two largest cities of the Czech Republic, using an indicator-based approach. The theoretical part of the thesis defines key concepts of the housing market, methods of measuring housing affordability, and the characteristics of owner-occupied and rental housing. In the empirical part, housing affordability is analysed using four indicators: rent-to-income, price-to-income, housing expenditures-to-income, and price-to-rent, which are applied to two types of model households. The findings confirm a significant deterioration in housing affordability in both cities over the analysed period, with single-person households experiencing a higher level of financial burden than two-person households. The affordability of both rental and owner-occupied housing is lower in Prague compared to Brno. The price-to-rent analysis shows that rental housing was more affordable than owner-occupied housing throughout the observed period. The results provide a valuable basis for shaping housing policy aimed at improving affordability in large urban areas.