Analysis of the effectiveness of end-user security measures

This bachelor thesis deals with the analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of security measures designed for regular end-users in cyberspace. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the real benefits of these tools and based on the acquired data, to propose specific recommendations for increasing personal digital security. The theoretical part defines current threats (e.g., malware or phishing) and explains the operating principles of basic protective elements, such as antivirus programs, firewalls, VPNs, and password managers. The thesis also includes security standards and recommendations from institutions such as NIST, ENISA, and NÚKIB. The practical part is based on two main research methods: experimental testing of selected software tools (measuring antivirus responses, testing data leaks via VPN, and the usability of password managers) and a quantitative questionnaire survey. The results of the user survey map the respondents' actual awareness of cyber hygiene and their everyday behavior on the Internet. Based on the synthesis of the testing and questionnaire results, the thesis ultimately presents a set of practical recommendations that will help users effectively eliminate risks associated with the human factor and system vulnerabilities.