Ekonomické aspekty dekarbonizace v australském surovinovém sektoru

Global efforts to mitigate climate change and the transition to a low-carbon economy are exerting significant pressure on the decarbonization of the resource sector, which is undergoing a fundamental structural transformation from fossil fuels to critical minerals. This transition impacts the strategic planning of mining companies and national economies, however, its macroeconomic impacts and the risks arising from new commodity markets have not yet been sufficiently explored in the Australian context. The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to evaluate the economic aspects of decarbonization in the Australian resource sector and to propose strategic recommendations for mining companies that could support the sector's long-term competitiveness and sustainability. Multiple linear regression analysis and a comparative price volatility analysis are used to evaluate the impacts of this transformation on the Australian company BHP Group Limited and the industry as a whole. The results suggest that, within the examined model, the export of metal ores and minerals exhibits a statistically stronger link to the growth of the industry's value added than coal exports, while also pointing to price instability in the emerging markets of commodities essential for the green transformation. The proposed recommendations regarding corporate strategy and investments reflect the economic, technological, and geopolitical challenges associated with vertical integration and the decarbonization of supply chains.