Analýza úvěrů na financování bydlení a porovnání jejich nákladovosti

This bachelor's thesis examines housing loans in the Czech Republic and compares their real cost-effectiveness. The theoretical part outlines the legislative and macroeconomic framework of the mortgage market, the specifics of individual loan products, and the methodology for quantifying the financial burden on the borrower. The empirical part is devoted to the financial modeling of three specific client scenarios: financing a first home with a borderline LTV (90%), financing an investment property (LTV 70%), and unsecured financing of a renovation. The simulation results demonstrated the dominant influence of the nominal interest rate on the total overpayment for long-term loans, where even a minimal deviation generates significant financial disproportions. Furthermore, it was verified that shortening the maturity in investment schemes sharply increases the proportion of principal repayment and effectively dampens the impact of compound interest. In the renovation segment, the structural disadvantage of bridging loans from building savings schemes was confirmed; the absence of continuous principal amortization during the bridging phase leads to inefficient overpayment, making a standard annuity loan an economically more rational option.