Postavení Evropské unie a její budoucnost ve světovém boji o globální ekonomickou dominanci

This bachelor thesis examines the position of the European Union in the context of the economic rivalry between the European Union, the United States, and China. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the current economic position of the European Union and assess its possible future development in comparison with the world’s major economies. The thesis compares selected macroeconomic, financial, technological, and demographic indicators and also analyses trade relations and geopolitical factors affecting the global economy. The thesis also includes a forecast of economic development until 2040 using baseline, optimistic, and pessimistic scenarios. The results show that the United States maintains a dominant position due to its high productivity, technological leadership, and developed capital markets, while China remains the fastest-growing economy. The European Union maintains a high standard of living and an important position in international trade, but faces technological backwardness, weaker capital markets, and unfavorable demographic development.