Energetická krize v Německu a na Slovensku: Ekonomické dopady a vládní reakce

This bachelor thesis compares the economic impacts of the energy crisis in Germany and Slovakia and evaluates the role of government measures in mitigating them. The thesis applies a comparative-analytical approach based on selected indicators, particularly energy intensity, inflation, real GDP growth, unemployment, real incomes and energy poverty. It then compares energy price regulation, support measures for households and firms, and the long-term strategies of both countries. The main finding is that the difference between the two countries did not lie only in the intensity of the impacts, but primarily in the different transmission mechanism of the crisis. In Germany, the structural-industrial channel prevailed, linked to the dependence of energy-intensive industry on natural gas and to the weakening of economic performance. In Slovakia, the price-social channel was more important, reflected in higher inflation, a decline in real purchasing power and greater household vulnerability. Government measures in both countries mitigated the immediate impacts of the crisis, but differed in targeting, preservation of the price signal and connection to long-term energy adaptation. The thesis concludes that the effectiveness of government measures cannot be assessed only by their scale, but primarily by whether they corresponded to the dominant type of vulnerability in each economy.