Kulturní adaptace muslimských migrantů: komparace integračních přístupů Francie a Švédska

This bachelor’s thesis examines a comparison of France’s and Sweden’s integration approaches toward Muslim migrants during the period from 2021 to 2025. Its aim is to analyze how state integration policies shape the process of cultural adaptation and what impact these measures have on the level of social cohesion. The thesis is designed as a qualitative comparative analysis using the Most Distinctive Cases (MDSD) method, based on a content analysis of key legislative and strategic documents, particularly the French Law on Separatism (2021) and the Swedish Tidö Agreement (2022). The theoretical framework consists of John W. Berry’s model of acculturation and the concept of the “civic turn.” The findings point to a marked convergence of both previously opposing models toward a restrictive paradigm. France has transformed its republican universalism into a tool for active administrative oversight of the religious sphere, while Sweden has abandoned the multicultural model and now makes access to the welfare state contingent on demonstrable cultural conformity. This development represents a shift toward the “culturalization of citizenship,” in which structural barriers in political discourse are interpreted as a consequence of Islam’s cultural incompatibility. The study concludes that, rather than strengthening unity as intended, these policies—in line with Berry’s model—may deepen social fragmentation and fuel reactive separation among Muslim communities.