Umělá inteligence ve zdravotnictví: Příležitosti, rizika a připravenost České republiky v mezinárodním kontextu

The thesis examines the implementation and potential of artificial intelligence in healthcare in the Czech Republic and in an international context. The aim of the thesis is to assess the Czech Republic’s readiness for the implementation of artificial intelligence in healthcare. The first chapters define basic concepts related to artificial intelligence, describe its historical development, and discuss the benefits and risks of using AI in healthcare. The thesis also presents a methodological framework for the evaluation of health technologies. The second chapter focuses on the international framework for artificial intelligence; it introduces the AI Act and related European legislation, recommendations from international organizations, and statistics on AI adoption. The third chapter focuses on the Czech Republic’s readiness, describing national strategies, data infrastructure, barriers, and economic aspects. The fourth chapter contains an evaluation of the Kardi Ai medical device using the Health Technology Assessment framework. The fifth chapter is devoted to qualitative research conducted through semi-structured interviews with experts. The Czech Republic has good starting conditions and clearly formulated goals for artificial intelligence in healthcare, but it lacks the steps needed to transform these into routine and safe practice. Whether it will join the ranks of countries that are actively driving this change will depend on the nature of the measures adopted in the coming years, when key European regulations will also take effect.