Uplatnění rizikového kapitálu v ekonomice

This thesis deals with private equity and venture capital and their role in the modern economy, with a special focus on the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis is to provide a comprehensive view of the functioning of these forms of financing, to explain their differences and to evaluate their economic significance and whether and how their success can be measured. The method used is comparative analysis of economic indicators of companies before and after the investor's entry through case studies of selected Czech companies, complemented by a quantitative analysis of investment funds based on publicly available data. The conclusions of the paper show that private equity brings growth opportunities for established companies, while venture capital supports innovation especially in emerging digital industries such as artificial intelligence. At the same time, despite their relatively small share in GDP, private equity and venture capital have a significant impact on firm growth, innovation and overall competitiveness.