Dopady pandemie COVID-19 na strukturu zaměstnanosti v České republice v letech 2020–2022

This bachelor thesis examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the structure of employment in the Czech Republic in 2020-2022. The aim is to determine how the pandemic affected employment in individual sectors and which factors determined the development of the unemployment rate. The analytical part combines descriptive labor market analysis with econometric modeling and supplements it with a comparison with the European Union. The results show that the pandemic mainly affected sectors with a high proportion of personal contact. On the contrary, some sectors in the tertiary and quaternary sectors increased employment. Changes in employment were most pronounced among younger workers, who were among the most affected groups. Econometric analysis confirmed that the development of unemployment was mainly influenced by the intensity of anti-epidemic measures as measured by the Stringency Index. The number of confirmed cases, on the other hand, had no statistically significant impact. The paper provides an overview of how the pandemic has changed the structure of the Czech labor market. It shows that the impacts varied significantly across sectors and demographics and that administrative restrictions played a key role in the development of unemployment.