Vliv bonity spotřebitele na úvěrování

The aim of this thesis was to analyze the impact of consumer creditworthiness on lending in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in the period 2009–2024. The empirical part uses harmonized quarterly series of macroeconomic and credit indicators, such as the unemployment rate, inflation, interest rates, household debt-to-GDP ratio, and portfolio quality measured by NPL. To supplement the descriptive analysis, simple OLS regressions were estimated to illustrate the direction and magnitude of the relationships. The results show that the Czech Republic has a lower PD and narrower risk premium spreads in the long term, while Slovakia has higher indebtedness and greater portfolio sensitivity to macro shocks. The share of non-performing loans in both countries remains low, reflecting effective regulation, responsible credit assessment, and improved underwriting practices. Scoring and risk-based pricing make it possible to link individual creditworthiness to the price of a loan, with higher creditworthiness meaning a lower APR. The analysis confirms that the determinants of credit risk go beyond purely financial indicators and also include socio-demographic factors. These findings provide a consistent framework for understanding the functioning of consumer lending and its regulation.