Analýza fiskální politiky České republiky a Slovenska v letech 2000 až 2020

This bachelor thesis analyzes the development of fiscal policy of the Czech Republic and Slovakia between 2000 and 2020. The thesis examines the economic and political cycle in the countries and their impact on the state budgets of the countries. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis focuses on fiscal policy, its types, tools, functions, goals and economic cycle, also deals with public finance, specifically the state budget, its revenue and expenditure side, balance sheet and government debt. The main goal of the bachelor thesis is to compare the sustainability of state budgets of both countries in the period under review. The practical part of the bachelor's thesis first analyzes the fiscal policy of the Czech Republic, shows the economic development, political cycle and their effects on revenues, expenditures and the balance of the state budget and the amount of state debt. An analysis of Slovakia's fiscal policy is then prepared in the same way. The result of the analysis is the finding that the state budget of Slovakia is less sustainable than the state budget of the Czech Republic, mainly due to permanent structural deficits and the impossibility of compiling a balanced or surplus state budget in times of strong economic growth. The main reason is a permanent increase in current expenditures, which does not correspond to the growth of gross domestic product, and when it decreases, there is a significant increase in mandatory expenditures, which pushes up the growth of government debt through the structural deficit.