Analýza mateřské a rodičovské dovolené v České republice a Polsku v letech 2010-2020

This diploma thesis gives an account of the payment of maternity allowance and the parental allowance for the period of corresponding maternity and parental leave in the Czech Republic and Poland between the years 2010 and 2020. The main goal is to analyze and compare the system of payment of the examined benefits. The thesis shows that the Czech system spends more funds in this area on one child and is more solidary, while the Poland system applies the principle of merit. Based on the further analysis, it was found that greater involvement of mothers in the labor market can be expected in the Czech Republic during this period, as the period of support is significantly longer compared to Poland. Differences in the nature of both systems were also found in the thesis. The Czech system would be included in the familistic model, which leaves the care of the child in the hands of the family. In contrast, the Polish system is characterized by an earlier onset of institutional care, and is, therefore, closer to the defamilist form. Recently, it has been shown that the Czech Republic spends an increasing amount of government spending on supporting families and children through maternity cash benefits and parental allowance, however, in recent years, Poland has been among the EU countries with the highest spending on financial benefits and pro-family policy overall.