Fiskální politika Dwight D. Eisenhowera s důrazem na rozvoj dopravní infrastruktury

This bachelor's thesis analyzes the fiscal policy of the United States of America during the terms of President Dwight D. Eisenhower and his administration in the 1950s, with an emphasis on the development of transportation infrastructure. The purpose of this thesis is to confirm the following hypothesis: the fiscal policies of Dwight D. Eisenhower positively contributed to domestic economic growth and to the significant expansion of transportation infrastructure during his administration. The following research questions are set for this thesis: How have federal budget revenues and expenditures evolved over the period under study? What were the contributions of federal spending to GDP growth? How has the federal government's investment in transport infrastructure evolved? How many miles/miles of interstate highways were built during the Eisenhower presidency? The theoretical section first explains the principles of fiscal policy, including types, objectives, instruments, and basic functions, followed by a description of fiscal policy in the United States from the 1930s to the late 1950s. It then explains the economic development of the United States prior to the defined period, economic developments during the Eisenhower administration, and the state of American highways prior to Eisenhower's introduction of the Interstate Highway System and its subsequent passage. The practical part of the undergraduate thesis first analyzes the federal budget from 1953 to 1960 and the effects of Eisenhower's fiscal policies on economic growth. Next, individual government investments in transportation infrastructure development and the number of miles of roads and highways built during Eisenhower's time in office are analyzed. Statistical data in historical yearbooks and publications are used to test this hypothesis. At the end of the thesis, the hypothesis is confirmed in accordance with the mentioned research and the answers to the set research questions.