Komparace institucionálního nastavení sociálního systému v rámci péče o malé dítě v ČR a vybraných zemí dle typologie welfare state k roku 2022

This bachelor thesis is concerning comparison analysis of family policies in context of young childcare by 2022 within the framework of Czech Republic and countries representing typology of a welfare state, namely Sweden, Germany, and Ireland. Theoretical part of the thesis deals with issues of social and family policies, typology welfare state, theory of rational choice and so called ‘nudging’ with determinants of decision-making process of parents. Following practical part of the thesis analyses overall settings of individual benefits of the countries together with terms deciding entitlement to these benefits. Conclusions of this thesis based on the performed comparison are that the most generous setting of individual family benefit is provided in Sweden, but at the expense of high costs on this social security. However, in case of Sweden this leads to the highest employment of mothers and most equal distribution in retrieval of this benefit, which is also caused by institutional setup of benefits. Lowest level of mother employment reaches Czech Republic, where is at the same time the lowest uniformity in distribution of the benefit between men and women. This is caused by relatively long period of maternity and paternity leave and absence of a stimulation element which supports distribution between both parents. Simultaneously was in the thesis confirmed that Sweden has more generous system of benefits in context of young childcare and contains more incentives (nudges) than Ireland, which is consistent with typology of welfare state.