Technologické zaměstnávání a zavádění robotů

Rapid advancement in robotics signals a scientific breakthrough which could have major implications for the world economy and the field of economics. Recently, some studies have forecasted that many jobs will likely vanish in favour of new disruptive technologies, with few new ones replacing them. This is against many other prominent studies contradicting these findings. In this study, I use data on worldwide robot adoption from 1993 to 2021 to explore whether robots will increase labour productivity and employment in the 74 sampled economies. I also explore whether robot use in Europe and the US reduces Chinese exports through reshoring. I find that robots lead to higher productivity and employment on a global scale. Specifically, I find that a 1% increase in robots, leads to a 0.037% increase in productivity, and 0.01% increase in employment. I also find that while robot adoption increases employment in Europe and the US, it has a significant negative impact on Chinese exports. Overall, a 1% rise in robot adoption in Europe and the US, lowers Chinese exports by 0.012%. This study argues that in spite of perpetual automation spanning many generations, there are still many occupations, a fact that is not likely to change with the increased robot use. In fact, robot adoption leads to more jobs in developed economies which by and large adopt robots to a greater degree, leading to ‘technological employment’. While economies of the developing countries which adopt robots to a lower degree, do not seem to experience a higher employment level.