Ochrana humanitárních organizací v kyberprostoru: Mapování současného právního rámce a identifikace výzev

With the integration of cyberspace into modern warfare, the vulnerabilities of impartial humanitarian organizations have been amplified, raising pressing questions about their protection under international humanitarian law (IHL). Despite rising cyber threats to humanitarian entities and their mission, the practical implementation of IHL principles in safeguarding humanitarian entities remain unclear. This thesis aims to map the existing legal frameworks governing humanitarian organizations in cyberspace and identify gaps in protections afforded under IHL. Employing a doctrinal legal research approach, it critically analyzes key provisions of the Geneva Conventions and the Protocol I Additional to the Geneva Conventions, complemented by expert commentaries such as the Tallinn Manuals. The findings reveal that while IHL provides a foundational structure for protecting humanitarian actors, its application in cyberspace is limited by gaps in clarity and legal definitions, leaving organizations vulnerable to cyber-attacks and data breaches. The research underscores the need for adapting IHL to address these gaps and ensure robust legal protections for humanitarian entities in the digital domain.