Gender Pay Gap in the Czech Republic: The Impact of Horizontal and Vertical Segregation

This bachelor’s thesis addresses the issue of gender pay differences in the Czech Republic, with a focus on the impact of horizontal and vertical labour market segregation. The aim of the thesis is to analyse differences in the remuneration of women and men in the Czech Republic in comparison with the European Union and to assess the extent to which these differences are influenced by the structure of employment across economic sectors and occupational groups. The theoretical part defines the basic concepts related to gender differences in the labour market, the gender pay gap, and labour market segregation. It also presents economic approaches explaining the emergence of gender inequalities in remuneration, particularly human capital theory, discrimination theories, and institutional and structural approaches. The empirical part is based on secondary statistical data from the Czech Statistical Office, Eurostat, and the OECD. The analysis focuses on comparing the gender pay gap between the Czech Republic and the European Union according to sectors of economic activity and occupational groups. The results confirm that gender pay differences are not distributed evenly, but are strongly related to the structure of the labour market, horizontal and vertical segregation, and the unequal representation of women and men in different occupations and positions.