Japan and its shift from pacifism

This thesis explores Japan's recent shift in security and defense policies in response to evolving regional threats, including China's assertive diplomacy, North Korea's ballistic missile development, and Russia's territorial claims. Employing qualitative research and Stephen Walt's theory of threat balancing, the study investigates the motivations behind Japan's departure from its post-war pacifist stance outlined in Article 9 of the constitution. The analysis focuses on Japan's response to threats from China, North Korea, and Russia, considering the historical context of regional alliances. Contrary to realist predictions, the study suggests that Japan's security policy evolution is shaped by nuanced threat perceptions. The findings contribute to understanding Japan's strategic choices post-Cold War, emphasizing the role of threat-based realism in its security posture adjustments. The conclusion links Japan's shift from pacifism to perceived threats, suggesting potential continuation of the current developments in regional security challenges and strengthened alliances in response to heightened security threats.