Analysis of the financing of state-owned motorway and road infrastructure with special reference to the effectiveness of charging for its use in the years 2000 - 2022 in the Czech Republic

This thesis focuses on the analysis of the financing of state-owned motorway and road infrastructure and the development of the efficiency of charging for its use in the years 2000-2022 in the Czech Republic. The issue is important because of the lag in the construction of transport infrastructure in comparison with the European Union countries. and with regard to the high financial intensity of this sector. The theoretical part characterizes key economic theories and concepts, such as the theory of the state budget, taxes and public elections, which are important starting points for the practical part. The practical part includes an analysis of the development of the revenue and expenditure side of the State Transport Infrastructure Fund budget. This analysis identifies the main trends in the development of financing, together with the declining share of tax and toll revenues in the total revenues of this fund, which increases the burden on the state budget. The paper also analyses the evolution of the efficiency of motorway coupons and tolls. Analysis of revenues, expenditures, costs, revenues and costs per kilometre of the tolled network of toll systems demonstrates the economic efficiency of time charging. Performance charging is not cost-effective for most of the period under review, reaching cost-effectiveness only at the end of the period. At the same time efficiency is assessed on the basis of the achievement of the objectives set by each charging system, according to which both charging instruments are efficient. Conclusions and national economic recommendations serve as inspiration for more efficient financing of transport infrastructure.