The European Chip Act: supply chain diversification as a path to technological sovereignty

This thesis analyzes the impact of the European Chips Act on semiconductor supply chains and examines the European Union’s capacity to achieve technological sovereignty in this strategically vital area. First, the theoretical framework addresses global value chains, economic security, and the concept of strategic autonomy. Subsequently, the study evaluates the current state of semiconductor imports into the EU, emphasizing key trade partners and risks associated with the existing supply structure. The core of the thesis focuses on the European Chips Act, assessing its objectives and measures aimed at strengthening domestic semiconductor manufacturing. By employing trade-data analysis, literature review, comparative analysis between the EU and U.S. semiconductor strategies, and SWOT analysis, the study evaluates the actual benefits and limitations of the European approach. The findings indicate that, despite notable institutional advancements and clearly defined goals, diversifying supply chains and achieving technological independence remain significant challenges for the EU, necessitating further strategic and investment actions.