Climate migration: An analysis of the approaches of selected states and international organizations

This bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of climate migration and the legal status of those affected by it. The aim of the thesis is to analyse and compare the approaches of selected states (USA, Australia and New Zealand) and international organisations (UN, EU, Council of Europe, Nansen Initiative and Platform on Disaster Displacement) to climate migration and the legal recognition of climate migrants. The research is set within a theoretical framework of universalism and particularism and uses qualitative comparative analysis of primary data. The results show that states adopt a predominantly particularist approach, focusing on national interests and selective solutions, while international organisations adopt universalist values, as they promote human rights and propose normative frameworks. However, their practical influence is limited by the absence of legal binding force and dependence on the political will of states. The paper shows that although climate migration is gaining increasing attention, legal protection for climate migrants remains inadequate and the discourse is more at the level of declarations than actual implementation.