Instagram and the Harmful Effects of Its Use

The aim of this thesis was to explore how various aspects of Instagram use affect the mental well-being of women aged 18–45, with a focus on the mediating role of social comparison and self-perception. The study is grounded in social comparison theory (Festinger, 1954) and other relevant research. To achieve the research objective, a quantitative analysis was conducted based on an online questionnaire survey, with data analyzed using linear regression and mediation models. The results showed that higher intensity of Instagram use and addiction to the platform lead to more frequent social comparisons and a negative perception of one's own body. A significant effect of Instagram addiction on levels of stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms was confirmed. Active engagement on the platform tended to have a protective effect, whereas passive content consumption increased the risk of negative outcomes. Conversely, the relationship between Instagram use and malicious envy was not confirmed. Social status, particularly higher income, was identified as a protective factor that reduces levels of stress and anxiety. This thesis contributes new insights to the field of social media's impact on mental well-being and confirms that the relationships between Instagram use and psychological factors are complex. The results can be applied both in psychological practice for preventing the negative impacts of social media, as well as in digital marketing and content regulation.