Analysis of Crime Trends in the Ústí nad Labem Region from 2009 to 2023 in the Context of Economic Policy

This bachelor's thesis addresses the issue of criminality in the Ústí nad Labem Region, which has long impeded its socio-economic development. The primary objective is to analyze the trends in criminal activity and related phenomena in the region between 2009 and 2023. The theoretical part of the thesis provides an overview of key concepts and a review of the scholarly literature, forming the foundational framework for the topic. The thesis primarily draws on the approach of G. S. Becker, who views crime as the outcome of rational choice. The practical part focuses on analyzing developments in criminal activity, crime prevention efforts, government spending, and the prison system. Based on the findings from the practical analysis, the thesis concludes by formulating economic and policy recommendations tailored to the specific characteristics of the region. A particularly alarming finding is the discrepancy between the overall decline in crime rates and the rise in crimes against morality. Over the observed period, offenses in this category increased by 298 cases. The recommendations proposed emphasize the strengthening of preventive measures both theoretically and practically, highlighting the importance of investing in the modernization of technological infrastructure. One of the key findings is the persistently high proportion of recidivists among cleared criminal cases, which has remained around 50% over time. To mitigate this issue, the thesis advocates for enhanced tertiary prevention through targeted funding. Additionally, it was found that despite an almost 50% decrease in overall crime rates, prison expenditures have continued to rise. This trend could be conveniently alleviated by broader use of alternative sanctions for less serious offenses.