The Impact of the Boeing–Airbus Dispute Outcome on Trade between the United States and the European Union

This thesis focuses on the analysis of the effects of U.S. retaliatory tariff measures authorized in 2019 by the World Trade Organization (WTO) in the context of a longstanding dispute between the United States and the European Union regarding state subsidies for aircraft manufacturers Boeing and Airbus. In addition to the aviation industry, these measures affected several other sectors, particularly food and beverage products. The aim of the thesis is to assess whether, and to what extent, these measures influenced the export of selected product groups from the European Union to the United States. The analysis is based on a quasi-experimental Difference-in-Differences (DiD) method, which enables the identification of changes in trade flows between affected and control groups over time. The research focuses on specific product segments for which a comparative analysis of export trends before and after the imposition of tariffs is conducted. The results show that the impact of the measures was not uniform and varied across segments. The effects observed were mostly short-term and depended on the nature of the goods concerned. This thesis contributes to a better understanding of the functioning of trade sanctions within the WTO framework and highlights the importance of sector-specific approaches when assessing their economic consequences.