Strategy and sustainability of renewable energy sources in the conditions of enterprises in the Czech Republic

This thesis analyzes the economic viability of battery energy storage systems (BESS) in the Czech energy sector within the context of energy transformation. The theoretical part systematically maps the development of global climate policy from the Paris Agreement through the European Green Deal to the national Climate Protection Policy of the Czech Republic, including analysis of emission targets. It provides a detailed characterization of renewable energy sources including solar, wind, hydro, and biomass, and their role in transforming the energy system. Particular attention is devoted to battery storage systems (BESS) as a key element of technical and commercial flexibility for integrating variable renewable energy sources into the electricity grid. The practical part focuses on the economic evaluation of an investment in a BESS with 1 MW power output and 2.5 MWh capacity using indicators such as net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), payback period, and return on invested capital (ROI). The thesis includes an expert consultation with a Czech banking institution that provided a more critical perspective on the analyzed project and led to adjustment of the original input parameters. Based on this, the work compares original and revised data, concluding the practical part with a sensitivity analysis assessing the project's economic attractiveness under variations of selected key variables.