Dopad vyvíjející se čínské politiky plánování rodiny na participaci žen v reprodukčním věku na trhu práce

This study examines the impact of China’s evolving family planning policy on the labor force participation of women of childbearing age in urban areas. Over the past several decades, China’s fertility policy has undergone a significant transition from strict population control under the One-Child Policy to a more relaxed and encouraging regime under the Two- and Three-Child Policies. These policy shifts provide a unique institutional setting to analyze how exogenous changes in fertility constraints affect female labor market outcomes. Building on the theoretical framework linking fertility, human capital, and female labor supply, this paper explores the mechanisms through which policy-induced fertility changes influence women’s employment decisions. In particular, it considers the roles of time allocation, human capital investment, gender norms, and household dynamics in shaping labor supply responses. Empirically, the study combines macro-level and micro-level data. Macro-level trends in educational attainment and labor market outcomes are drawn from the China Population and Employment Statistical Yearbook, while micro-level analysis is conducted using the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). A Difference-in-Differences (DID) approach is employed to identify the causal impact of family planning policy transitions on female labor force participation and wage outcomes.