Cizí měna v účetnictví

This thesis deals with the issue of foreign currency in accounting. Accounting and tax regulations in the Czech Republic approach foreign currency transactions predominantly from a formal-legal perspective, which in business practice frequently gives rise to accounting anomalies and fictitious exchange rate differences. Unlike International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), the domestic regulation lags behind in reflecting the economic substance of currency risk, as it applies a blanket approach to year-end revaluation. The main contribution of the thesis consists of a thorough analysis of the interpretations issued by the National Accounting Council (NÚR), which bridge these legislative gaps, and their subsequent application to specific transactions. The introductory chapters provide a detailed theoretical description of the subject matter and subject it to a comparison with IFRS. The thesis then analyses the shift of Czech practice towards economic reality through the solutions provided by the NÚR, and concludes by examining the entire issue from the perspective of real-life situations encountered in everyday accounting practice.