Rozdílná postavení mužů a žen v českém penzijním systému v období 2000-2017

Gender issues are a major societal problem that affects all possible areas, including the pension system. The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the different position of men and women in the Czech pension system. The theoretical part deals with the characteristics of pension systems. It presents individual pension social models, classifies pension systems and summarizes current world trends of their reforms. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the pension system itself in the Czech Republic, its characteristics, structure and pension benefits. The definition of basic concepts (such as gender, gender equality and discrimination) opens the chapter of gender issues, which is further incorporated into the context of pensions and introduced in the legislation. The practical part analyzes the Czech pension system in terms of gender in the period 2000-2017. Women have significantly lower wages in the labor market than men, but due to the redistributive elements in the Czech pension system, this difference in the amount of pensions is not strongly disputed. Women retire earlier, they are more likely to be recipients of retirement benefits, taking care of their child is included in substitute periods of insurance, in addition, men have a more reduced pension. The hypothesis that, despite lower pensions, women in the Czech pension system are privileged, has been confirmed based on the analysis and own calculation.