Postavení žen v soudobém Afghánistánu

The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of rights and the position of women in contemporary Afghanistan. The aim is to evaluate the development of these rights and, above all, to find out, by comparing three different time periods, whether the Islamic faith serves as a justification for the Taliban in committing direct and structural violence against Afghan women. In the theoretical section, the reader is enlightened on the theory of human rights, the foundations of the Islamic religion and Shari'a law, the concept of gender and violence in a patriarchal society, and the theory of violence, within which the Norwegian professor and co-founder of the field of peace studies Johan Galtung classified three basic types: direct, structural and cultural violence. The empirical part examines how each type is reflected in the functioning of society under the Taliban regime, how it specifically affects women, and to what extent Islam has an impact on the situation. For comparison, one chapter is devoted to the period between 2001-2021, when the Taliban was not in power, there was a US invasion and efforts to democratize the state.