ANALÝZA VÝVOJE STÁTNÍHO ROZPOČTU ČESKÉ REPUBLIKY V LETECH 1993–2020

The subject of this diploma thesis is the analysis of the Czech Republic state budget development in the years 1993-2020 and its parameters. The development of the state budget is analyzed as a whole and in the context of economic and individual political cycles. The overall analysis of the state budget development makes it possible to reveal specific development trends, including an increase in expenditures and total debt. The analysis of the state budget development within the political cycles identifies the behavior of individual governments towards the state budget and enables the monitoring of opportunistic motives of politicians within the framework of fiscal policy. Researched problematic is very important due to the current enormous deficits, growing government debt and the necessary future repayment of government debt. In addition to the characteristics of key concepts in the field of public finance, the theoretical part focuses on economic approaches in the area of budget balance and government debt, the theory of economic and political-economic cycles, which are used in the practical part. The practical part contains an analysis of the development of the overall balance, revenue and expenditure side of the state budget, total debt and compares the development of planned vs. actual budgets. It also contains an analysis of the state budget development within 9 policy cycles, which finds that with a few exceptions, state finances have not been treated rationally and in accordance with the economic theory of smoothing economic cycles during almost 30 analyzed years.