Analýza a srovnání kriminálních trestných činů v regionech ČR

The research found that the total crime rate in the Prague 1 and Prague 2 police departments is significantly higher than in the rest of the country. This is mostly the effect of property crime rates and economic crime rates. Outside of Prague, the most problematic regions in terms of overall crime were the entire Ústí nad Labem region and parts of the north of Moravia. Property crime rates per 100 000 inhabitants in the Prague 1 police department in 2023 was 5 times higher than in Ústí nad Labem (another problematic region in terms of total rate). This is due to the high density of people in the capital, who do not have registered permanent residence there (tourists, visitors etc.), and therefore they can only be reflected in total crime rates, but not in the number of inhabitants of the region. Furthermore, economic crime rate per 100 000 inhabitants is more than 2 times higher in Prague 1 region compared to the Ústí nad Labem police department. This is due to the high concentration of companies, institutions and banks in the center of Prague. Throughout the monitored period, the values of total crime per 100,000 inhabitants in Bohemia were at a higher level than in Moravia, but the most positive situation was in the districts at the borders between Bohemia and Moravia. Within the individual crime groups, violent crime mainly experienced a sharp decline at the beginning of the monitored period with a slight decrease until 2023, while moral crime experienced the opposite development, where values began to grow exponentially after the pandemic. Property crime in the pre-COVID period recorded by far the most positive development, however, its values have started to rise again in most districts in recent years. The development of the other crime rates and remaining crime rates differed significantly between even neighboring districts, but their development often recorded sharp fluctuations within individual years (a decrease in remaining crime in 2019, or the opposite development in 2021, where other crime rates increased across the territory, while the remaining crime rates decreased). On the other hand, the development of economic crime was the least variable across the Czech Republic districts. Most regions showed a constant decrease in economic crime across the whole period. Factor analysis shows that financial crime (property, other and economic crimes) is concentrated in larger cities (Prague, Ostrava, Brno), while non-financial crime (violent, moral and remaining crimes) is more typical for districts with lower population density. Differences in the percentage of financial and non-financial crime rates between districts containing and not containing regional capitals are more noticeable in the clusters of districts that have had higher total crime rates. In districts with low overall crime rates, there are no noticeable differences between districts with and without a regional capital city.