Dopady mezinárodních sankcí na letecký průmysl v Rusku: Komparace let 2014 a 2022

The bachelor thesis analyses and compares the impact of international sanctions on the largest Russian airline Aeroflot in two periods. The first period covers the years 2012 to 2015 and focuses on the annexation of Crimea in 2014. The second period covers the years 2020 to 2023 and focuses on the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. The thesis analyses Aeroflot's performance indicators, in particular, the number of destinations, the number of carried passengers, the structure of the fleet and others. The research method is based on a quantitative approach, which is based on primary data from Aeroflot's annual reports, The Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC) database and the International Air Transport Association (IATA). The results show that the 2014 sanctions had only limited impacts on air transport in the Russian Federation, because they did not directly target the aviation industry. In contrast, the 2022 sanctions have led to major changes in the company's strategy, affecting international operations, redirecting flight routes and Aeroflot's transition to the domestic market. Russia has responded to the sanctions by seeking new suppliers of spare parts and developing its own aircraft production, showing that the effectiveness of the sanctions is declining in the long run.