Techniky vedení rozhovorů pro sběr požadavků na software

Software requirements elicitation represents a critical phase in the development of any information system. It is during this phase that the success of the final product is determined—whether it meets user needs and supports organizational goals. One of the most common and effective elicitation techniques is the interview. Despite its frequent use, there is a lack of deeper understanding of what types of questions business analysts ask during interviews and how these questions are structured. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the questioning strategies used by business analysts during requirements elicitation and to develop a typology framework that reveals the most used question types and the ways in which they are applied. The research is based on a qualitative methodology and draws from in-depth interviews with business analysts working across companies of various sizes, industries, and methodological approaches (both agile and traditional). Participants conducted simulated interviews with a stakeholder, represented by a customized ChatGPT 4o model. The resulting questions were analyzed in terms of answer openness, linguistic structure, and functional purpose. The outcome is a comprehensive question typology framework that synthesizes insights from software engineering, psychology, and forensic interviewing. The findings reveal not only the dominance of open-ended and function-oriented questions but also the influence of experience and work environment on the interview style. The thesis highlights differences between junior and senior analysts, examines the impact of question types on information quality, and offers practical recommendations for training, education, and real-world performance improvement of business analysts. The results serve as a useful tool for professional development and open new directions for research in interpersonal communication within software requirements elicitation.