Reakce IZS při haváriích způsobených nebezpečnými látkami z pohledu logistiky

The diploma thesis deals with the transport of dangerous substances and the activities of the Integrated Rescue System in case of traffic accidents with leakage of these substances. The theoretical part is devoted to transporting hazardous substances in various modes of transport with a closer focus on road transport and the ADR Convention, the most important legal aspect in this area. Furthermore, the thesis describes the structure and tasks of individual components of the IZS and their cooperation during the intervention. It also includes an overview of the types of accidents with hazardous substances and statistics of traffic accidents in the ADR regime since 2019. The practical part involves introducing a selected chemical substance, with which a model situation of a traffic accident with its release is subsequently performed. The simulated accident with ammonia leakage is processed using the American software ALOHA. The scenario of the accident and the detailed procedure of the intervention of the emergency services are described. The work also assesses the risks for the population and the responding units associated with the ammonia leak. Based on a questionnaire survey among the individual IZS units, the thesis examines their preparedness and cooperation during these interventions. The results show that members of the IZS would appreciate more practical exercises or improved equipment. It is also worth considering the protection of the driver, who may be trapped in the cab.