Analýza vlivu vnějších determinantů na ekonomiku a zahraniční obchod Ruska v období 2010–2024

This thesis focuses on the economic analysis of the development of the Russian economy, with an emphasis on key macroeconomic indicators and foreign trade from 2010 to 2024. The study aims to identify patterns of economic growth, the effects of sanctions, and structural changes in foreign trade, particularly in relations with BRICS and other key partners. The theoretical part defines basic macroeconomic concepts such as GDP, inflation, and foreign trade, and introduces relevant economic theories, including the theory of comparative advantage, resource dependence, and the impact of economic sanctions. The practical part is divided into four chapters. The first chapter analyzes key macroeconomic indicators of the Russian economy. The second addresses the effects of sanctions since 2014, with a focus on their escalation after 2022. The third chapter examines the structure of Russian foreign trade and its strategic partnerships. The fourth chapter evaluates the impact of EU sanctions against Russia on European economies, including the Czech Republic. The research is based on time series analysis, comparative studies, and data from international institutions such as the IMF, World Bank, and Rosstat. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of structural changes in the Russian economy, the importance of strategic partnerships with BRICS, and the role of gold reserves during times of crisis.