Místo CBAM v klimatické politice EU z pohledu přístupů ekonomické teorie

Differences in the strictness of environmental regulations between countries lead to a phenomenon known as carbon leakage, in which emission-intensive production is relocated to countries with less stringent regulations. In response to carbon leakage, the EU is introducing a new instrument, CBAM, which aims to level the playing field between domestic and foreign production. The aim of this thesis is to present the theoretical genesis of EU climate policy regulatory instruments, in particular the EU ETS and CBAM, and to reflect on the strengths and weaknesses of CBAM. Following on from this, possible scenarios for the further development of CBAM are formulated using Mancur Olson's economic theory of collective action. The results of the thesis show that CBAM is a key tool for limiting carbon leakage and strengthening the effectiveness of the EU ETS system. The thesis contributes to the understanding of the economic and political context of the introduction of CBAM and its role in the decarbonization process.