Oceňování lidských aktiv podniku se zvláštním zřetelem na oceňování lidských aktiv znalostního podniku

The dissertation focuses on the valuation of human assets for the purpose of business valuation. The introduction section contains, among others, search of knowledge about the human capital valuation including an identification of "empty spaces" in the business valuation theory in connection with the valuation of human assets. The main aim of the dissertation is the theoretical and experimental development of selected "empty spaces" which were divided into two levels - direct (separate) valuation of human assets and indirect (implicite) valuation of human assets through enterprise valuation methods DCF and EVA. The theoretical section includes a treatise on the status of human assets (human capital) within the intellectual capital and the absence of human assets in the financial statements which are coming to the conclusion that human assets should be incorporated as a separate item in net operating assets of the enterprise in DCF and EVA valuation methods. The dissertation analyzes various definitions of human capital and subsequently on the basis of specific design requirements derives definition of human assets for the purposes of business valuation. The experimental section provides descriptions and analyzes of available methods/models for human assets (human capital) valuation. Subsequently, the derived modified income approach valuation for the direct valuation of human assets includes proposals for an allocation of revenues attributable to human assets, an incorporation of the quality element of human assets assessment to a forecast of future revenues which are attributable to human assets and the specific discount rate for human assets. In the framework of indirect valuation of human assets (in DCF and EVA methods), the attention is aimed to a design of variant options of financial value of human assets incorporation into the net operating assets (among others, these part also contains a proposal of a theoretical basis for determining of human assets market value) and adjustments of economic reports: net operatig assets (NOA) and net operating profit after tax (NOPAT). The variant incorporation of human assets into the NOA is analysed especially for the purpose of finding out changes in the distribution of the enterprise value between NOA and market value added and changes in the profitability of the invested capital compared to the situation when no financial value of human assets is incorporated into the NOA. The final section is focused to a proposal of recommendations for human assets valuation. The recommendations include a part for the direct valuation of human assets (cost and revenue approach) and the indirect valuation of human assets through DCF and EVA valuation methods.